Looking for How to Predict Earthquakes
Are earthquakes predictable? This challenge has yet answered. However, in many ways done, either by capturing the natural phenomena and scientific. In recent years the development of detection was tested using a gravimeter kegempaan. This tool is equipped with a supercomputer system called superconducting gravimeter (SG).
The earth is not a static thing, but as experienced dynamics. At the core or coat tides occur or expansion and shrinkage. This process is also influenced by the attraction to the planets around it, especially the Sun and the Moon.
Changes in Earth conditions can be monitored with the parameters that work in it, such as gravitational fields, magnetic fields, electricity, temperature, porosity, or water content in the soil surface.
Described Fauzi, head of Center for Earthquake and Tsunami Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, the pressure plate causes cavities emphasis on layers of Earth. This causes the discharge of water to the surface.
Since September last year Observation Station Style Weight Loss Survey and Mapping Coordinating Agency (Bakosurtanal) in cooperation with universities in Japan to apply superconducting gravimeter (SG).
Parluhutan Manurung, Head of Gravity Field and Tidal Bakosurtanal, explains, this tool is part of the Global Geodynamics Project (GCP).
The existence of this station in Indonesia is very important because it is only at the equator and the most active tectonic regions in the world. The number of these devices is limited, only 25 units scattered throughout the Global network of SG stations.
GCP tool works continuously monitor changes in gravity field or gravity of Earth from seconds to seconds to years. This tool monitors the signal changes in the value of gravity on a continuous basis during the six years to obtain the four parameters.
Since the theory of gravity made Isaac Newton 300 years ago, increased understanding of gravity and developed monitoring systems of gravity of Earth phenomena. The system was then utilized for economic purposes, looking for mineral resources and oil.
Superconducting gravimeter is an instrument measuring changes in weight or gravitational force of Earth with very high sensitivity, the fraction of time or nano permiliar Gal. With this capability, equipment placed on the surface of the Earth that can capture variable signal from Earth to the core activities to the Earth’s surface.
This tool is able to monitor the signal changes in gravity or gravity waves caused by the Earth’s core activities and the effect of gravity on the surface to obtain a picture of the dynamics of the Earth.
SG has the advantage, which can monitor changes in gravity with high sensitivity and gives a picture of mass changes in atmospheric interactions appropriate weather conditions.
In addition, used to monitor the behavior of the earth’s crust that is affected constellation of Earth to other planets that play a role in triggering earthquakes. This tool can detect small and large earthquakes.
SG system installed in the Office Bakosurtanal Cibinong, since September 2008 to monitor the earthquake Gorontalo, in December last year, and the earthquake Tasikmalaya, Wednesday (2 / 9).
Gravity measurements in Indonesia, said the Head Bakosurtanal Rudolf W. Matindas, has long been made by oil companies in Java and Sumatra. However, the scope is relatively narrow.
The data for the company was kept secret because it can reveal the condition of the surface layer of Earth that has oil basin. Meanwhile, outside the island of Java and Sumatra up to now practically minimal gravity data, even of Papua is still relatively blank areas.
The provision of gravity data for the purposes of national development in the region carried out by holding Bakosurtanal Danish Technical University.
To accelerate the gravity survey was chosen vehicle for the aircraft, which according to the Coordinator of Airborne Gravity Survey Indonesia (Sagi) 2008 Fientje Kasenda, has several advantages over ground surveys and satellite or terrestrial.
With aircraft, wider coverage and faster for the heavy field, such as forests, mountains, and shallow waters to the coast.
In addition, there is also continuity of data between the sea and land. Resolution data better than the satellite data. Even lower costs.
Bakosurtanal program, said Matindas, Sagi first phase conducted in the Celebes a complex topography. Expected, gravity surveys and map-making throughout Indonesia was completed in 2012. (Kompas.com)
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